Gender, Climate Change and Coastal Zones


Coastal zones are areas of high activity for fishing, but also farming, trading, tourism and industry. These regions are especially vulnerable to the hazards of climate change, namely sea level rise, coastal erosion and extreme weather events like tsunamis and tropical cyclones. Seashore vegetation like mangrove forests is destroyed and seawater can intrude into freshwater reservoirs. In Asia and the Pacific area people inhabiting low-lying coastal areas are especially at risk in disaster events that may threaten their lives or destroy the means to provide their livelihoods.


Gender Dimension

The fishing sector is still mainly regarded as a male business, although women play a crucial role in post-harvest activities like marketing and processing fish and in reproductive tasks like maintaining nets. They are also directly involved in fishing - mainly in small-scle fisheries and close to the shore in opposition to men who are more likely to fish off-shore. These multiple tasks and missing gender-sensitive data render it difficult to estimate women's contribution in this sector.
Because they are responsible for the freshwater supply of their families, women are especially aware of the need to protect the ecosystem. Other traditional female tasks like harvesting mussels and mangrove crabs are also depending on a sustainable use of natural resources.


Response

Women's multiple tasks and missing gender-sensitive data on post-harvest activities render it difficult to estimate their contribution to the fishery sector. The collection of such data is also a crucial prerequisite for the implementation of gender mainstreaming into integrated coastal zone management. Gender based analysis and gender impact assessment will be useful instruments to insure the recognition of gender issues in this area.
Women's contributions to nature resource management and conservation efforts like mangrove rehabilitation and land conservation should be recognized. They should be empowered to participate actively in decion-making processes and activities like environmental education and campaigning, water resource protection and enhancing sanitation.